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 Post subject: tying-up
PostPosted: Fri May 29, 2015 4:00 pm 
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Posts: 515
Dr. Stewart DVM writes:

Quote:
There is also wide variation in susceptibility to ‘triggering’ factors, which include:
1) genetic muscle disorders
2) vitamin E and/or selenium deficiency
3) delayed muscle soreness from free radical damage
4) hormonal disturbances
5) thyroid disorders
6) electrolyte imbalances
7) diets high in raw grain which can result in carbohydrate overloading
8) viral and bacterial infections
9) abnormal muscle calcium levels




It seems to me that in my experience the below are the most likely culprits in racehorses tying up:

Vit E/Selenium deficiency.............supplement with the two

hormonal disturbances.................supplementing with magnesium

abnormal muscle calcium levels..........supplementing with magnesium may also help

thyroid disorders........................look to supplementing with iodine.

Lastly injecting with Vitamin C and lipoic acid may also be called for to help normalize the system.


Quote:
One of the misconceptions with tying up has been that it caused by high muscle
lactic acid concentrations. However, recent research has shown that muscle
lactic acid levels are in fact low in these horses. In addition, few horses tie up
after racing, when muscle and blood lactate levels are at their highest.

Muscle biopsies have shown that it is the Type II or fast twitch fibres which suffer damage in these horses.

Most equine diets are too low in magnesium and the horses with responsive
behavior problems (sensitive to touch/sound, "jumpiness" in general) are
sensitive to the low intake. Magnesium is critical to the normal functioning of an
estimated 350 enzyme systems in the body. It is particularly critical to skeletal
muscle, the nervous system and glucose metabolism. Symptoms of magnesium
deficiency include: muscular symptoms from twitching to high muscle tension to
cramping to spasm; hypersensitive to touch and sound; shying/spooking; anxiety
and nervousness in general; abnormal glucose metabolism.
Magnesium deficiency is also strongly associated with hypertension in humans
and correction of magnesium intake is always part of my approach to a horse that
has bled. Imbalances in the calcium:magnesium ratio are associated with tying
up, especially in fillies and mares when oestrogen influences mineral balance
when they are in season. Magnesium helps a lot of horses who tie up, regardless
of sex.

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 Post subject: Re: tying-up
PostPosted: Fri May 29, 2015 4:02 pm 
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I would also like to suggest under this topic that the supplementation of Magnesium Chloride may be very beneficial to all racehorses, particularly those that are experiencing tying-up. The value of this mineral is greatly under appreciated as is the Mg depletion of most horses that are under stress of all types. Miracles can occur when such horses are supplemented with Magnesium Chloride!

Horses that are low in Magnesium may have many different symptoms manifested that are hard to draw a picture from. So, this is tricky with Magnesium deficiency often overlooked! If your race horse is

1) overly nervous,
2) tends to tying-up,
3) exhibit back soreness/muscle cramping,
4) has hoof problems,
5) has stifle problems,
6) excessive sweating in hot weather,
7) bad hair coat
8) watery eyes
9) respiratory/breathing problems

. . . . one or many of these problems may be traced to Mg deficiency! Every horse is different!

Magnesium Chloride Hexahydrate is probably the best bio-available form to give with a few exceptions. One of the simplest ways to give it is to dissolve it in water. I would use distilled water. Dissolve 15 grams (approximately one tablespoon) of Magnesium Chloride flakes in 150ml of water or an equivalent thereof. Place 10ml of this solution in the feed, twice a day. Increase by 10ml every three days until you work up to 50ml per feeding . If you increase too fast, your horse will possibly start scourinig. In fact, this is a good way to tell you have reached maximum dosage of Magnesium Chloride, When your horse's manure starts to go soft, back off to the previous dosage level and maintain that level. Let your horse's feces dictate dosage! BUT start out slow! Once the horse's body has obtained adequate Mg levels, it is possible you can back off supplementation. So always be observant!

Remember! Horses under extreme stress and on high carbohydrate diets will be in dire need of Mg supplementation! Too much Magnesium supplementation is not desirable either, so let your horse's feces dictate how it should be given. Always strive for normal manure consistency!

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 Post subject: Re: tying-up
PostPosted: Fri May 29, 2015 4:02 pm 
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Joined: Wed May 27, 2015 10:20 am
Posts: 515
In holistic medicine, one often finds Magnesium Oil talked about as a superb magnesium supplement. It can be made by adding:

One half cup of Magnesium flakes to one half cup of distilled water. Bring water to boil and stir in the MgCl.

Apply this topically to affected body region, rubbing it in.

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 Post subject: Re: tying-up
PostPosted: Fri May 29, 2015 4:03 pm 
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Joined: Wed May 27, 2015 10:20 am
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Quote:
Recent research has found that when horses that suffer chronic tying up have a tying up episode, they have abnormally high levels of calcium trapped inside the muscle cells. Calcium is required for muscle contraction and to relax, the muscle must remove the calcium from inside its cells. In horses that tie-up, the process of calcium removal does not operate efficiently and this leads to an accumulation of calcium within the cell. This prevents relaxation of the muscle fibres, which remain in a state of partial contraction, leading to pain and muscle damage.




When Magnesium in the cells become too low, one will find Calcium rushing into those Mg deficient cells where it does not belong resulting in excitatory stimulus. It should also be noted that in mg deficient animals, adrenalin production is stimulated to above normal ranges along with causing cells to over-respond to this adrenalin production. Makes one think of nervous race mares, eh?

Quote:
One does not want excess muscle contractions under normal circumstances. To relax, the muscles need magnesium. Magnesium physiologically the opposite of calcium relaxes muscles. near normal healthy cellular conditions, magnesium levels inside muscle cells are high and calcium levels are low, so that the muscles can relax. This is just one way in the which calcium enhances and allows the fight or flight reaction while magnesium clams it all down.

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